The newest Tainos was pre-Columbian populace of your own Bahamas, Greater Antilles, in addition to north Lower Antilles. It is considered that the seafaring Tainos was family unit members of the Arawakan individuals of South america. The vocabulary try a person in the latest Maipurean linguistic loved ones, and this ranges out of South usa along side Caribbean.
At the time of Columbus’s coming for the 1492, there had been five Taino kingdoms and territories towards Hispaniola (present day Dominican Republic and Haiti), for every single provided by a main Cacique (chieftain), to just who tribute are paid off. Since hereditary direct chief of Taino people, new cacique is actually paid back high tribute. Caciques preferred brand new privilege off putting on wonderful necklaces named guanin, surviving in square bohios as opposed to the bullet of these brand new villagers populated, and you can sat towards solid wood feces when researching tourist. At the time of the latest Foreign-language conquest, the biggest Taino people centers possess consisted of to step three,000 some body or maybe more.
The latest Tainos was basically historical locals and you may opponents of the fierce Carib people, a new category which have sources in South america which lived principally inside the Decreased Antilles
For much of the new 15th century, the Taino group was being driven towards Northeast on Caribbean (from what is actually today South america) because of raids because of the strong Caribs Pskov in Russia bride (Of numerous Carib female talked Taino by large number of female Taino captives one of them).
The initial submitted smallpox episode for the Hispaniola took place 1507. It’s debated that there are generous mestizaje in addition to several Indian pueblos one survived to your nineteenth century for the Cuba. The Spaniards which first arrived in the brand new Bahamas, Cuba and Hispaniola during the 1492, and soon after within the Puerto Rico, failed to promote female. It took Taino feminine due to their wives, and this triggered mestizo pupils.
Terminology The term « Taino » will come right from Columbus. The native people the guy came across within his basic voyage titled themselves « Taino », definition « good » otherwise « noble », to tell apart on their own away from Isle-Caribs. This identity put on all Island Tainos as well as those who work in new Minimal Antilles. In your neighborhood, the fresh new Tainos described on their own called the area. Including, those in Puerto Rico titled on their own Boricua (which means folks from this new isle of your own valiant good lords) the area try entitled Borike’n (Great belongings of your valiant good lord) and the ones consuming this new Bahamas named by themselves Lucayo (small countries).
Some ethnohistorians, such Daniel Garrison Brinton, known as same culture of people « Area Arawak » in the Arawakan word to own cassava flour, an essential of your own competition. Out of this, what and the people were fundamentally titled « Arawak ». But not, modern scholars consider this a mistake. The folks just who named themselves Arawak lived just regarding the Guianas and you may Trinidad in addition to their vocabulary and you may culture vary from those of the fresh Taino.
By 18th century, Taino neighborhood got devastated by the put sickness such as for instance smallpox, and also other problems such as for example intermarriages and you will pushed assimilation into the plantation cost savings that Spain implemented with its Caribbean colonies, having its next importation out-of African slave experts
Dealing with big date, various other publishers, travelers, historians, linguists, anthropologists, an such like., features interchangeably made use of this type of terms and conditions. Taino has been utilized so you can mean more Antillean people merely, those people as well as the Bahamas people, those individuals as well as the Leeward Isles people or each one of these leaving out the brand new Puerto Rican tribes and you will Leeward people. Isle Taino has been used to mention to the people living in new Windward Islands only, those who work in the latest north Caribbean only otherwise men and women residing people of one’s islands. Progressive historians, linguists and anthropologists now hold the identity Taino is send to any or all Taino/Arawak people apart from the newest Caribs. New Caribs commonly viewed by the anthropologists nor historians to be a similar anybody though linguists will always be debating whether the Carib language is actually a keen Arawakan dialect otherwise creole vocabulary – or perhaps a definite words, which have an enthusiastic Arawakan pidgin will used in interaction.